Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Jayanti – 23rd January 2021 | History | Download Images, Pictures, Wishes, Quotes, and Wallpapers

About Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897 in Cuttack, Orissa. He was an Indian revolutionary prominent in the independence movement against British rule of India whose contrary patriotism made him a hero in India, who attempt during World War II to free India from British rule with the help of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a troubled legacy.

Bose joined the noncooperation movement began by Mohandas K. Gandhi, who had made the Indian National Congress a strong nonviolent organization. Bose was suggested by Gandhi to work under Chitta Ranjan Das, a politician in Bengal.

In the late 1920s and 1930s, bose has been a leader of the younger, part of the Indian National Congress and heading to become Congress President in 1938 and 1939. However, he was removed from Congress leadership positions in 1939 following differences with Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress high command. He was house arrest by the British before escaping from India in 1940.

Bose reached Germany in April 1941, In November 1941, With the help of German funds, a Free India Centre was set up in Berlin, and soon a Free India Radio, on which Bose broadcast nightly.  During this time Bose also became a father his wife, Emilie Schenkl, whom he had met in 1934, gave birth to a baby girl in November 1942.

With Japanese help, Bose rebuilt the Indian National Army, then composed of Indian soldiers of the British Indian army who had been caught in the Battle of Singapore.

Bose had extraordinary drive and charisma creating the popular Indian slogans, such as "Jai Hind," and the INA under Bose was a model of diversity by region, ethnicity, religion, and even gender. However, Bose was considered by the Japanese as being militarily untalented, and his military effort was short-lived. In late 1944 and early 1945, the British Indian Army first halted and then devastatingly turned around the Japanese attack on India. 

Almost half of the Japanese forces and fully half the participating INA unforeseen were killed. The Azad Hind Fauz was driven down the Malay Peninsula and then surrendered with the recapture of Singapore. Bose had chosen to not to surrender with his forces or with the Japanese, but instead to escape away to Manchuria with a view to looking a future in the Soviet Union which he believed to be turning anti-British.

Early Life

Bose was the ninth in a family of 14 children his family was well to do. Bose mother and father name was Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose, who is an advocate belonging to a Kayastha family.

In January 1902 he was acknowledged to the Protestant European School currently known as Stewart High School in Cuttack, like his sibling’s.

He continued his studies at this school which was run by the Baptist Mission up to 1909 and then changed to the Ravenshaw Collegiate School.  After scoring the second position in the higher secondary examination in 1913, he was admitted to the Presidency College where he studied briefly where he was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Ramakrishna after reading their works at the age of 16. 

later he joined the Scottish Church College at the University of Calcutta and passed his B.A. in 1918 in philosophy. Later Bose reached Europe on 15 September 1919 and arriving in London on 20 October.

He had made a promise to his father to appear and prepare for the Indian Civil Services examination, for which his father has made available Rs 10,000. In London, Bose readied his application for the Indian Civil Services, staying in Belsize Park with his brother Satish, who was preparing for the bar exam.

In those days, the British in Calcutta often made offensive remarks to the Indians in public places and insulted them openly. This behaviour of the British as well as the outbreak of World War I began to influence his thinking.

Bose was very eager to get admission to a college at the University of Cambridge. However, it was already past the deadline for the admission. With the assistance of some Indian students there and Mr Reddaway, the Censor of Fitzwilliam Hall, a body run by the Non-Collegiate Students Board of the university, for making available the university's education.

He came fourth and selected for the Indian Civil Services examination, but he did not want to work under a British government which would mean serving the British. He resigned from his civil service job on 23 April 1921 and came back to India.

The Formation of Indian National Army

The Indian National Army or the Azad Hind Fauz was an armed force formed by Indian nationalists in 1942 in Southeast Asia during World War II. It formed an alliance with Imperial Japan in the latter's campaign in the Southeast Asian theatre of WWII.

The main aim was to secure Indian independence from British rule. The Azad Hind Fauz was first formed in 1942 by Mohan Singh, and the Indian Pows of the British-Indian Army captured by Japan in the Malayan campaign and at Singapore.

This first Indian National Army collapsed and was disbanded in December that year after differences between the INA leadership and the Japanese military over its role in Japan's war in Asia. It was restored under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose after his arrival in Southeast Asia in 1943.

The army was proclaimed to be the army of Bose's Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind. Under the leadership of bose, the Indian National Army drew ex-detainees and thousands of civilian volunteers from the Indian emigrant population in Malaya and Burma.

This second Indian National Army battle along with the Imperial Japanese Army against the British and Commonwealth forces in the campaigns in Burma: at Imphal and Kohima, and later against the Allied retaking of Burma.

Death

It is said that when Japan’s declared surrender in August 1945, Bose, fleeing Southeast Asia reportedly died in a Japanese hospital in Taiwan as a result of burn injuries from a plane crash.